They even considered deposing him, but the plan miscarried because of their own apathy and Maximilian’s effective countermeasures. He had ruled jointly with his father for … [38] However, the bribery claims have been challenged. Maximilian I of Habsburg (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519), the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Portugal, was King of the Romans from 1493 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death. Elected king of Romans in 1486, he declared himself elected Holy Roman emperor in 1508. He strengthened his European position by an agreement with France, and he regained prestige within the empire by victories in a dynastic war between Bavaria and the Rhenish Palatinate (1504). Rise to the title of Holy Roman Emperor. [5], The Duchy of Burgundy was also claimed by the French crown under Salic Law,[6] with Louis XI of France vigorously contesting the Habsburg claim to the Burgundian inheritance by means of military force. In 1499 Maximilian fought an unsuccessful war against the Swiss Confederation and was forced to recognize its virtual independence by the Peace of Basel (September 22). Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death. N. 1458: A New Testimony of the "Landus Report, "Pseudo-ancestors in the Genealogical Projects of the Emperor Maximilian I", Unusual Life, Unusual Death and the Fate of the Corpse: A Case Study from Dynastic Europe, Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich, "Maximilian I, King of the Romans, later Holy Roman Emperor", "Barbara von Rottal b. Isabella I of Castile 2. Maximilian was elected King of the Romans on 16 February 1486 in Frankfurt-am-Main at his father's initiative and crowned on 9 April 1486 in Aachen. Biography. This was not very successful, but one of the lasting results was the creation of three different subdivisions of the Austrian lands: Lower Austria, Upper Austria, and Vorderösterreich.[10]. Maximilian had no choice but to agree to a peace treaty signed on 22 September 1499 in Basel that granted the Swiss Confederacy independence from the Holy Roman Empire. In 1477 Charles the Bolds dies, his only child is a girl which cannot rule w/o a husband. After the death of his paternal grandfather, Maximilian, in 1519, he inherited the Habsburg Monarchy. He ruled jointly with his father for the last ten years of the latter’s reign, from c. 1483 to his father’s … 16. Like his predecessors, Maximilian also saw chronic revolts in the Netherlands, typically about taxation. Until Maximilian I in 1508, the emperor-elect (imperator electus) was required to be crowned by the pope before assuming the imperial title. Turning away from his French alliance, he entered into a new Holy League (1511) with the pope, Spain, England, and their allies. [20][21][22], Margaret then remained in France as a hostage of sorts until 1493, when she was finally returned to her father with the signing of the Treaty of Senlis. His parents married in 1452. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Maximilian had appointed his daughter Margaret as both Regent of the Netherlands and the guardian and educator of his grandsons Charles and Ferdinand (their father, Philip, having predeceased Maximilian), and she fulfilled this task well. This influence lasted for centuries and shaped much of European history. Maximilian was born at Wiener Neustadt on 22 March 1459. After Mary’s death (1482) Maximilian was forced to allow the States General (representative assembly) of the Netherlands to act as regent for his infant son Philip (later Philip I [the Handsome] of Castile), but, having defeated the States General in war, he reacquired control of the regency in 1485. [37] The Fugger family provided Maximilian a credit of one million gulden, which was used to bribe the prince-electors. She was the daughter of Albert (or Albrecht) V, the duke of Bavaria, and Charles II's sister Anna. 221-222, Claims that he gained the imperial crown through bribery have been refuted. About a year later, they married by proxy. etc. To oppose Venice, Maximilian entered into the League of Cambrai with France, Spain, and the pope in 1508. On January 12, 1519, having spent the previous year trying to have his grandson Charles elected emperor and to raise a European coalition against the Turks, he died at Wels in Upper Austria. He was instead proclaimed emperor elect by Pope Julius II at Trent, thus breaking the long tradition Banning of Jewish literature and expulsion of Jews. [42] Much of the work was done in his lifetime, but it was not completed until decades later. Maximilian was always troubled by financial shortcomings; his income never seemed to be enough to sustain his large-scale goals and policies. In 1488 he was taken captive and held for more than three months in Brugge, where he watched from his window as several of his companions were executed. See also [1], 16th century Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria. At a meeting of the Reichstag (Imperial Diet) at Worms in 1495, Maximilian sought to strengthen the empire. 20 January 1612: Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, died On 18 July 15... 52, Rudolf was born to the future Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria of Spain. In 1508, Maximilian, with the assent of Pope Julius II, took the title Erwählter Römischer Kaiser ("Elected Roman Emperor"), thus ending the centuries-old custom that the Holy Roman Emperor had to be crowned by the Pope. Maximilian was born in Vienna, Austria, the eldest son of the Habsburg archduke Ferdinand I, younger brother of Emperor Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and the Jagiellonian princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary (1503–1547). Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519), the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, and Eleanor of Portugal, was King of the Romans (also known as King of the Germans) from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death, though he was never in fact crowned by the Pope, the journey to Rome always being too risky. Charles V, Holy Roman emperor (1519–56), king of Spain (as Charles I; 1516–56), and archduke of Austria (as Charles I; 1519–21), who inherited a Spanish and Habsburg empire extending across Europe from Spain and the Netherlands to Austria and the Kingdom of Naples and reaching overseas to Spanish America. Vol XVII. His grandson succeeded to the vast Habsburg realm and the imperial crown as Charles V. Maximilian was the eldest son of the emperor Frederick III and Eleanor of Portugal. With Christa Théret, Jannis Niewöhner, Alix Poisson, Jean-Hugues Anglade. Vladislas II of Bohemia and Hungary 21. His father, Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, named him for an obscure saint who Frederick believed had once warned him of imminent peril in a dream. His father was Frederick III (1415-1493), Holy Roman Emperor in 1440, and Archduke of Austria in 1456. The Habsburg Empire survived as the Austro-Hungarian Empire until it was dissolved 3 November 1918 – 399 years 11 months and 9 days after the passing of Maximilian. After taking control, Maximilian instituted immediate financial reform. Maximilian was born at Wiener Neustadt on 22 March 1459. [citation needed], Maximilian I was a member of the Order of the Garter, nominated by King Henry VII of England in 1489. [11] Similarly, in 1509 he passed the "Imperial Confiscation Mandate" which ordered the destruction of all Jewish literature apart from the Bible. These political marriages were summed up in the following Latin elegiac couplet: Bella gerant aliī, tū fēlix Austria nūbe/ Nam quae Mars aliīs, dat tibi regna Venus, "Let others wage war, but thou, O happy Austria, marry; for those kingdoms which Mars gives to others, Venus gives to thee. In 1499/1500 he conquered it and drove the Sforza regent Lodovico il Moro into exile. The princes would permit no strengthening of the central authority, and this limitation of power neutralized imperial policies. Already before his coronation as the King of the Romans in 1486, Maximilian decided to secure this distant and extensive Burgundian inheritance to his family, the House of Habsburg, at all costs. 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