It flourished until 784, when the capital was transferred. The Todai-Ji Temple was founded by a Chinese priest called Ganjin in the year 759. most visited in Nara Toshodaiji (唐招提寺, Tōshōdaiji) was founded in the year 759 by Ganjin, a Chinese priest who was invited to Japan by the emperor in order to train priests and improve Japanese Buddhism. (Planned June 2nd - 10th for year 2007. [2] Despite protests from his disciples, Jianzhen made preparations and in spring 743 was ready for the long voyage across the East China Sea to Japan. The Horyu-ji Temple is known as the oldest existing Buddhist temple in Japan. Various materials have been used for the sculptures. He founded the Ritsushu sect in Japan. In the eleven years from 743 to 754, Jianzhen attempted to visit Japan some six times. This page was last edited on 7 December 2020, at 01:13. Toshodaiji Temple. Ganjin Priest Ganjin The Abbot Ganjin View Title 3/4 view of proper left, Detail: Head and chest Creator/Culture Japanese Site/Repository Repository: Kaisan-do, Tōshōdai-ji (Nara, Nara prefecture, Kinki, Japan) Period/Date Nara period Creation date: ca. Hokke-dō (法華堂), Tōdai-ji, Nara, Nara: Priest Gyōshin (乾漆行信僧都坐像, kanshitsu gyōshin sōzu zazō) Statue of the founder of the Hall of Dreams (夢殿, yumedono) Nara period, second half of 8th century Dry lacquer (乾漆, kanshitsu) Seated Gyōshin: 89.7 cm (35.3 in) tempts to visit Japan. Genkai, Aomi-no Mabito; Takakusu J., trans. Jianzhen was then forced to make his way back to Yangzhou by land, lecturing at a number of monasteries on the way. Jianzhen (Chinese: 鑒真; Wade–Giles: Chien-chen; 688–763), or Ganjin in Japanese, was a Chinese monk who helped to propagate Buddhism in Japan. Then, he resolved to travel to Japan himself, accompanied by 21 of his disciples who had heard their master's resolution. Toshodai-ji – Founded in 759 by a Chinese priest named Ganjin, Toshodai-ji is a temple that honours the contributions of its founder to the beginnings of Buddhism in Japan. The crossing failed and in the following years, Jianzhen made three more attempts but was thwarted by unfavourable conditions or government intervention. "Ganjin" redirects here. In the Nara period, however, the Vinaya precepts gradually started to be recognized their importance to increase the need to institute orthodox monastic ordinations of the Jukai. The “Ganjin Wajo-zo” (statue of the Priest Ganjin) is a national treasure, and is the oldest portrait sculpture in Japan. Tōshōdai-ji was established in 759 by influential Chinese priest Ganjin (Jian Zhen), recruited by Emperor Shōmu to reform Buddhism in Japan. It was the site of the city of Heijo-kyo, established in 710. Summary 1．The nation was governed based on the Ritsuryo. In addition to the Vinaya precepts, Ganjin imparted his deep knowledge about sculptures and medical herbs to Japan. With careful preparations, Ganjin made the second attempt to sail for Japan in January, 744, but a heavy wind forced him temporarily return back to Yuyao, Mingzhou. After arrested, Yoei succeeded in escaping from prison, pretending to die of disease, and then Ganjin and his party headed for Fuzhou, where they had planned to set sail for Japan because they thought it difficult to sail from Jiangsu or Zhejiang. At twenty he travelled to Chang'an for study and returned six years later, eventually becoming abbot of Daming Temple. Although these Vinaya precepts governing the life and behavior of Buddhist priests and nuns are ones of the most important matters in Buddhism, the Japanese had not thought Jukai so important for a long time; for example, at first when Buddhism was introduced to Japan, Jisei Jukai (self-administered precepts) was permitted. (Part 2), Ganjin: From Vinaya Master to Ritsu School Founder, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jianzhen&oldid=992776463, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Pages using religious biography with multiple nickname parameters, Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. In 752, Ganjin, who had decided to go to Japan without fail, promised FUJIWARA no Kiyokawa, who was a Kento-shi (a Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China) and visited him, to execute his decision. proportioned temples of its period remaining, was founded in 759 by the illustrious Ganjin, a blind priest from China who arrived in Japan after many tribulations. When he finally succeeded on his sixth attempt he had lost his eyesight as a result of an infection acquired during his journey. This epoch of Japanese history is known as the Nara Period. [3] Recognised as one of the greatest of its type, it has been postulated by statue restoration experts that the statue incorporates linen clothing originally worn by Ganjin. Album Leaf from The Thirty-Six Immortal Poets (Ishiyama-gire), 12th century. Founded by the Chinese priest Ganjin in 759, it was the head temple of the Ritsu Buddhist sect. Leaving from Yangzhou, he made it to the Zhoushan Archipelago off the coast of modern Zhejiang. In his replanning of the departure, a betrayal of someone who grudged Ganjin's leaving for Japan resulted in Yoei's arrest and Ganjin also failed his third attempt. Nara Period, Priest Ganjin, Japan. At Nara, Jianzhen presided over Tōdai-ji. Although most are wooden, 11 entries in the list are bronze, 11 are lacquer, 7 are made of clay and 1 entry, the Usuki Stone Buddhas, is a stone sculpture.Typically hinoki, Japanese nutmeg, sandalwood and camphorwood were the woods used for the wooden sculptures. This temple was founded in 759 by the Chinese Priest Ganjin (688 - 763). In 756 Ganjin was appointed to the bureau of clergy, which controlled the issuing of certificates for ordination. © A. C. Yu  —  Generated from the Japanese-English Bilingual Corpus of Wikipedia's Kyoto Articles which is translated by the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) from Japanese sentences on Wikipedia, used under CC BY-SA. In the Fujiwara Period, however, there was a surge of secular painting, both landscape and scenes of daily court life, painted on folding screens (屏風 byōbu , lit. Jianzhen's life story and voyage are described in the scroll, "The Sea Journe… It was first performed in the year 6 of the period Tenpyoo Shoohoo 天平勝宝 (754), when priest Ganjin came from China and initiated the emperor Shomu Tenno 聖武上皇, Koken Tenno 孝謙天皇 and others. Jianzhen's life story and voyage are described in the scroll, "The Sea Journey to the East of a Great Bonze from the Tang Dynasty."[1]. The Ritsushu sect is a Buddhist school that transmits and studies Vinaya precepts which Buddhists, especially priests and nuns should comply with; Ganjin, a successor of the Nanzan-risshu sect based on Shibunritsu (Four-Part Vinayapitaka, which explains about regulations and prohibited matters of the priest) is said to have conducted Jukai (handed down the precepts) to more than 40,000 people. In January, 754, Ganjin arrived at the Heijo-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Nara), and was welcomed by Emperor Shomu and others; by an imperial decree of Empress Koken, the establishment of Kaidan (Buddhist ordination platform) and Jukai were entirely left to Ganjin, and he resided at Todai-ji Temple. Jianzhen is credited with the introduction of the Ritsu school of Buddhism to Japan, which focused on the vinaya, or Buddhist monastic rules. (1928). The Nara Period (Nara Jidai) of ancient Japan (710-794 CE), so called because for most of that time the capital was located at Nara, then known as Heijokyo, was a short period of transition prior to the significant Heian Period. Therefore, Yoei and Fusho went to Tang (China) to invite 10 duly ordained Chinese priests prescribed by the Vinaya, and visited Ganjin, who had already distinguished himself as a great Vinaya master. Jianzhen died on the 6th day of the 5th month of 763. In 710 the imperial capital was shifted a short distance from Asuka to Nara. In 763, he passed away at the Toshodai-ji Temple. At the age of 14, he entered the priesthood, attending to Chiman, and studied the teachings of the Ritsushu sect and the Tendaishu sect under Daoan and Hongjing. When the compound, Kai-ritsu (Vinaya precepts in Japanese) is used, 'kai' refers to self-imposed vows and 'ritsu' denotes vows among priests and nuns. Toshodaiji (Nara) — the head temple of Risshu, or the Ritsu school of Buddhism — was founded in the Nara period by Ganjin Wajo — a high priest from the Tang Dynasty in … Address: 160 Kasuganocho, Nara, Nara Prefecture 630-8212. Since his teacher Ganjin was in Nara, Gantei might well have participated in these events.The imperially — sanctioned history Shoku Nihongi, written in the early Heian period (Heian period 884-1185), notes that in the 10th … Nara Period (710-784) The Nara Period (奈良時代 Nara jidai) is the historical period beginning in 710, the year the capital was moved from Fujiwarakyō to Heijōkyō (the modern-day city of Nara), and ending in 784 when the capital was moved to Nagaokakyō.The ten years at Nagaokakyō (784-794) are usually included in the Nara Period, however, giving it an end-date of 794. To vow 'ritsu,' (meaning to vow to keep codes of discipline which govern the Buddhist monastic life), a rite must be performed in front of more than 10 qualified priests and nuns; this is Jukai. The Toshodaiji Temple dates back to 759 when it was established by a priest from China known as Ganjin. In summer 748, Jianzhen made his fifth attempt to reach Japan. Priest Ganjin. Ganjin (688-June 25, 763) was a naturalized priest in the Nara period. After that, he attempted to have crossed the sea to Japan over five times, only to fail. The entire failed enterprise took him close to three years. The Toshodai-ji Temple was founded by the Chinese priest Ganjin, who came to Japan spreading the principles of Buddhism. This priest was invited by the Emperor of Japan to visit the country to improve Japan’s understanding of Buddhism and train each monk and priest of the region. Jianzhen travelled along the Gan River to Jiujiang, and then down the Yangtze River. Ganjin (Jianzhen) (鑑真) Ganjin (688-June 25, 763) was a naturalized priest in the Nara period. Toshodai-ji Temple: Where Master Ganjin stood - See 632 traveler reviews, 747 candid photos, and great deals for Nara, Japan, at Tripadvisor. Ganjin Priest Ganjin The Abbot Ganjin View Title Bust Creator/Culture Japanese Site/Repository Repository: Kaisan-do, Tōshōdai-ji (Nara, Nara prefecture, Kinki, Japan) Period/Date Nara period Creation date: ca. Gilded wood. After an eventful sea journey of several months, the group finally landed at Kagoshima, Kyūshū, on December 20. In 748, Yoei visited Ganjin at Daming Temple again. The Nara period (710–784) Beginning of the imperial state. On the way, Yoei passed away in Duanzhou. During that return journey to Yangzhou, the climate in the southern region and exhaustion deprived Ganjin of his sight (one theory says that he didn't totally lose his sight). The ashes of this Buddhist monk were incorporated in its creation. [4] The statue was temporarily brought to Jianzhen's original temple in Yangzhou in 1980 as part of a friendship exchange between Japan and China. In the following year a special hall, Kaidan-In 戒壇院, was constructed for this ceremony, where the Jukai ceremony was performed. Soon after the departure on November 17, the Japanese envoy's ships hit by a heavy gale drifted to the southward, however the ship of vice envoy, Komaro, managed to keep its course to safely reach Bonotsu on December 20; indeed, it took as long as 10 years for Ganjin, who carried Buddha Relics with him, to finally realize his long-cherished desire to visit Japan. By the time Jianzhen returned to Yangzhou, he was blind from an infection. Later he founded the Toshodaiji Temple (Nara Prefecture) and wrote three religious volumes though blind. In Ritsu …an invitation to Chien-chen (Japanese: Ganjin), a leading Chinese scholar of vinaya. Priest Ganjin He came to Japan from Tang, built Toshodaiji Temple and contributed to the spread of Buddhism. There were a few copies of Chinese-style landscapes, and portraits in the Chinese fashion of significant ecclesiastical figures like the Chinese priest Ganjin. In 755, the first ordination platform in Japan was constructed at Tōdai-ji, on the place where including former Emperor Shōmu and Empress Kōmyō received ordination by Jianzhen a year earlier. In 753, he guided Ganjin, who came to Japan from Tang, to Dazaifu, Kyushu, and served as an interpreter for Ganjin when this … Priest Ganjin, 8th century. Ganjin was born in Jiiangyang, Yangzhou in Tang. At the age of fourteen, he became a disciple of Dayun Temple (大云寺). The statue is made public only during a limited number of days around the anniversary of Jianzhen's death (see it on the right). Of 753, the blind Jianzhen decided to make his way back to 759 when it the! 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